2. Metabolic Disease

Metabolic Disease

Metabolic Disease

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Metabolic diseases is defined by a constellation of interconnected physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and all cause mortality. Associated conditions include hyperuricemia, fatty liver (especially in concurrent obesity) progressing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome (in women), erectile dysfunction (in men), and acanthosis nigricans. Metabolic disease modeling is an essential component of biomedical research and a mandatory prerequisite for the treatment of human disease. Somatic genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 might be used to establish novel metabolic disease models.

Cat. No. Product Name CAS No. Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-Y0569
    D-Gluconic acid (solution) (51.205% in water) 526-95-4 ≥98.0%
    D-Gluconic acid is the carboxylic acid by the oxidation with antiseptic and chelating properties.
    D-Gluconic acid (solution) (51.205% in water)
  • HY-113004
    3-Hydroxyvaleric acid 10237-77-1 98.0%
    3-Hydroxyvaleric acid is a five-carbon ketone body byproduct that can undergo an anaplerotic reaction to replenish the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid is one of the important monomers for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). PHA is a type of biodegradable plastic that is widely used in environmentally friendly packaging, disposable products, and medical materials.
    3-Hydroxyvaleric acid
  • HY-113261
    Oleoylcarnitine 38677-66-6 ≥98.0%
    Oleoylcarnitine, the metabolite which accumulates through suppression of fatty acid β-oxidation, can enhance hepatocarcinogenesis via STAT3 activation.
    Oleoylcarnitine
  • HY-129380
    Fructosyl-lysine 21291-40-7
    Fructosyl-lysine (Fructoselysine) is an amadori glycation product from the reaction of glucose and lysine by the Maillard reaction. Fructosyl-lysine is the precursor to glucosepane, a lysine–arginine protein cross-link that can be an indicator in diabetes?detection.
    Fructosyl-lysine
  • HY-133685
    N-Hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone 147852-83-3
    N-Hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone is a short-chained N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL). N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone is also a mediator of bacterial quorum-sensing regulation. N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone promotes lipid accumulation in algae. AHL is an intercellular communication signal molecule in the quorum sensing system of Gram-negative bacteria and a medium for mediating information exchange between eukaryotic plants and prokaryotic bacteria. AHL can affect bacteria activities, such as biofilm formation, pigment synthesis, and antibiotic synthesis.
    N-Hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
  • HY-150508
    MK-0159 2641484-61-7 99.72%
    MK-0159 is an orally active, potent and selective CD38 inhibitor, with IC50 values of 22, 3, and 70 nM for human, mouse and rat CD38, respectively. MK-0159 also shows good microsomal stability for human and rodent liver microsomes. MK-0159 increases NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and reduces ADPR (adenosine diphosphate ribose) in whole blood and heart.
    MK-0159
  • HY-161834
    RG100204 2140901-88-6 99.50%
    RG100204 is a selective, orally available inhibitor of the aquaporin AQP9. RG100204 directly inhibits AQP9 channel function, preventing the transmembrane transport of water, glycerol, and H2O2. RG100204 reduces the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, thereby alleviating inflammation and pyroptosis. RG100204 reduces multi-organ dysfunction in a mouse sepsis model and shows glucose-regulating effects in diabetic db/db mice.
    RG100204
  • HY-W012985
    Methyl pyruvate 600-22-6 99.91%
    Methyl pyruvate is a methyl ester derivative of pyruvic acid. Methyl pyruvate induces insulin release and membrane depolarization. Methyl pyruvate rescues proteasome damage and nuclear localization of TdP-43 caused by overexpression of σ1RE102Q by enhancing ATP synthesis. Methyl pyruvate selectively protects normal lung fibroblasts from cell death induced by Irinotecan (HY-16562). Methyl pyruvate promotes apoptosis and necrosis in cancer cells and downregulates angiogenesis and cell cycle pathways. Methyl pyruvate is an effective substrate for dihydrodihydrogen dehydrogenase.
    Methyl pyruvate
  • HY-P2048
    MOTS-c (human) 1627580-64-6 99.90%
    MOTS-c (human) is a blood-brain barrier-penetrating, mitochondrial-derived peptide that modulates the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway to enhance insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c (human) inhibits the folate cycle and de novo purine synthesis, increases AICAR levels to activate AMPK, and then regulates the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway and inhibits the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. MOTS-c (human) has the effects of improving glucose and lipid metabolism, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury, inflammatory diseases and aging-related metabolic disorders.
    MOTS-c (human)
  • HY-126855
    Cholic acid 7-sulfate 60320-05-0 ≥99.0%
    Cholic acid 7-sulfate (7-Sulfocholic acid) is a selective agonist targeting TGR5 (EC50=0.17 μM) and a ligand for MHC class I-related protein (MR1). As a gut-restricted TGR5 agonist, cholic acid 7-sulfate binds to TGR5 on enteroendocrine L cells, induces GLP-1 secretion, and improves glucose tolerance in a TGR5-dependent manner. Cholic acid 7-sulfate also acts as an endogenous ligand for MR1, promoting the survival of mucosal-associated invariant T cells MAIT and the expression of homeostatic gene signatures, affecting MAIT cell development and function. Cholic acid 7-sulfate is mainly used in the research of diabetes and MAIT cell-related immune regulation.
    Cholic acid 7-sulfate
  • HY-B0838
    Imidacloprid 138261-41-3 98.45%
    Imidacloprid is an effective and widely used neonicotinoid pesticide to control pests of cereals, vegetables, tea and cotton.
    Imidacloprid
  • HY-128895
    KL1333 1800405-30-4 99.94%
    KL1333, a derivative of β-lapachone, is an orally available NAD+ modulator. KL1333 reacts with NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) as a substrate, resulting in increases in intracellular NAD+ levels via NADH oxidation. KL1333 improves energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in MELAS fibroblasts. KL1333 protects against Cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in mouse cochlear cultures.
    KL1333
  • HY-B2209A
    Hydroxocobalamin monohydrochloride 59461-30-2 99.93%
    Hydroxocobalamin monohydrochloride (Vitamin B12a monohydrochloride) is an injectable naturally occurring form of vitamin B12 with a favorable adverse effect profile, used as a dietary supplement in the treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency including pernicious anemia.
    Hydroxocobalamin monohydrochloride
  • HY-B0287
    Clofibrate 637-07-0 99.61%
    Clofibrate is an agonist of PPAR, with EC50s of 50 μM, ～500 μM for murine PPARα and PPARγ, and 55 μM, ～500 μM for human PPARα and PPARγ, respectively.
    Clofibrate
  • HY-N6612
    D-Glucuronic acid 6556-12-3
    D-Glucuronic acid is a major component of many anti-inflammatory proteoglycans, which can promote embryonic development and inhibit cell aggregation. After being metabolized into ethyl glucuronide (HY-113093), D-Glucuronic acid activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), causing pain. D-Glucuronic acid and its derivative glucurono-lactone can serve as liver detoxifiers, and its derivatives also possess anti-tumor activity.
    D-Glucuronic acid
  • HY-101017
    Palmitoylcarnitine chloride 6865-14-1 98.0%
    Palmitoylcarnitine chloride is a fatty acid-derived mitochondrial substrate, and selectively decreases cell survival in colorectal and prostate cancer cells by affecting on pro-inflammatory pathways, Ca2+ influx, and DHT-like effects.
    Palmitoylcarnitine chloride
  • HY-113315
    3b-Hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid 5255-17-4 99.93%
    3β-Hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid is a steroidal monohydroxy bile acid and serves as a substrate for sulfation reactions. It is applicable to the research of extrahepatic biliary atresia and recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.
    3b-Hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid
  • HY-113365
    Cholestenone 601-57-0 99.95%
    Cholestenone (4-cholesten-3-one) is an orally available antimicrobial agent that is metabolized primarily in the liver as an intermediate oxidation product of cholesterol. Cholestenone inhibits human dermal fibroblast migration and fights Helicobacter pylori infection in vitro and in mouse models by inhibiting cholesterol-α-D-glucopyranoside (CGL). Cholestenone also alleviates metabolic disorders caused by obesity in db/db mice.
    Cholestenone
  • HY-N0593S
    Deoxycholic acid-d4 112076-61-6 99.80%
    Deoxycholic acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Deoxycholic acid. Deoxycholic acid is specifically responsible for activating the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 that stimulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity.
    Deoxycholic acid-d4
  • HY-N0390S2
    L-Glutamine-d5 14341-78-7 99.79%
    L-Glutamine-d5 is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
    L-Glutamine-d5
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity